(1) Div., “Le coup d’etat fascisté orchestre pour les états-Unis’, Éditions delga 2015 – Cynthia McKenny: “La Lyby, La Syrie, La Venezuela, la Ukraine, un autre guerre basee sur les mensonges, de pretextes et pour le profit”; “De hegemonie van de Verenigde Staten is de laatste incarnatie van de globale overheersing, het moment waarop China of India hen plaats innemen op de mondiale scene is echter onvermijdelijk. Misschien is dat waarom zij opstellingen hebben gedaan, in het gebeid van de Oekraïne, om het resultaat van de mondiale tendensen te vermijden en hiertoe tot een mondiale oorlog te beslissen. Ik twijfel erover om het publiek te hebben over de raciale identiteit van de tendensen, hen mondiale actualiteit een de toekomst, specifiek met betrekking tot het vraagstuk van de oorlog. Hiermee samenhangend, kunnen de demografische mondiale tendensen een onderliggende tendens zijn om te beschouwen. In feite, kunnen we het hierover hebben: ‘Wij weten dat er sprake is van een evenwicht tussen de rijke landen: deze rijke landen en alle organen van de werking van d wereld zijn met elkaar verbonden om hierover te beslissen … De westelijke landen zijn doorgegaan met kapitaal vergaren en hebben vervolgens hen manufactuur industrieën verplaatst naar Azië. De tweede keus die is gemaakt, is dat de service industrieën ook zijn verplaatst nar Azië en dar nu functioneren. De derde was dat de technologie die ons is verbleven, zich voos ons buigt: de technologische vooruitgang is ook geëvolueerd. Het resultaat voor onze landen is wij het werk hebben overgelaten aan Azië en onze honger trainen door ons ontbijt en ons diner zien in termen van de keuzes die wij weten te maken over ons gedrag. En het is niet alleen de Verenigde Staten maar ook de groepen waarover we spreken als ‘multimiljardair’ die al eerder de dominante factie waren met 80 procent van het bruto sociaalproduct van de wereld … voor mij is tegenwoordig de eerste keus het te hebben over … de 80-20 regel die men in mijn tijdperk comfortabeler vind dan die van 30-65, en dit stelt een probleem van dramatische proporties die zich vind in een handelsschool vandaag.’ // Welke andere oplossing bestaat er om het canon te veranderen dat onze identiteit bevestigt, en waarheen men het system van meesterschap over het universum en ons systeem van feitelijke controle door de centrale banken en een elitekader, dat misschien niet langer kan bestaan door de vrede en de optie van dienstvaardigheid?”
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(2) Div., “Manifest – Krant van de nieuwe communistische partij NCPN / 17 Februari”, Stichting HOC 2022 – Prabhat Patnaik, “Waarom het neoliberalisme de neofascisten nodig heeft I”; “Four decades ago, the neoliberal globalization began with the reform of the world. Since then, in line with its agenda, it has broken down labour rights, imposed strict limits on budget deficits, massive tax cuts, and financial bailout operations have extended the big capital, sacrificed local production for multinational supply chains, and privately owned public property at low prices. // The result today is a perverse regime characterized by the free movement of 'capital, which moves relatively effortlessly across international borders, while at the same time the free movement of people is mercilessly kept among some by a screen by increasing income inequality and a steady withholding of democracy. Regardless of who comes to power and regardless of what promises are made before reforms, the same economic policy is always followed. because capital, and especially financial capital, can leave a lot of people and in extreme short term - with a current financial crisis as the basis if it is 'trusted' in that country has been undermined - governments are hesitant to change the existing situation; they conduct a policy that is favourable to fancied capital and that even is demanded by capital. In short, the power of the population is replaced by the sovereignty of the global financial capital and the national enterprises that are part of it.
(3) Passim: This curtailment of democracy is usually justified by the political and economic elites by stating that neoliberal economic policies lead to a higher growth of the gross domestic product [GDP] - the highest goal for any policy. And indeed, in many countries, especially in Asia, the neoliberal era has yielded a certain higher growth than in the earlier period of dirigisme. Such growth is, of course, hardly beneficial to the majority of the population: in fact, neoliberal policy itself is more closely linked to the growth of the economy than to that of GDP. But the neoliberals have come up with a powerful answer to this objection: an increase in the income situation should be regarded as an acceptable price for higher growth, because it could still mean an absolute improvement in the circumstances of the misrepresented. The fundamental ideological philosophy of neoliberalism is that growth, as with the tentacle, lifts alga boats, even though some boats rise more than others. There is perhaps no better counter-example to these contradictions than India, when the neoliberal policy was introduced in 1991 - soon followed by both an intestinal increase in inequality and at the same time an increase in absolute poverty and a decline in peasant agriculture. After more than six decades of high income taxes, in 1982 the richest one percent of earners made up only six percent of national income. In 2014, this figure had risen to 22 processes, the highest in a century.
(4) Passim: Meanwhile, poverty had also risen, both on the country and in the cities: from 58 resp. 57 percent in 1993-1994 to 68 percent. 65 percent in 2011-12. Despite these and other cracks in the rising tide argument, which had become all too obvious by the end of the last century, the story that neoliberalism was good for everyone, at least two times, retained some validity until the early 21st century. First of all, it was said that neoliberalism has contributed to globalization in China's marked reduction in poverty and that a significant part of the global middle-class population is now well off: its opportunities have increased thanks to the outsourcing of a range of activities from the developed countries. And an increase in its share of the economic surplus as a result of lagging wages and increased productivity of the working class. The second reason is that even those who were inflicted by the neoliberal regime often continued to see that ongoing high growth before or later would "seep through" them - a hope constantly nurtured by a media establishment dominated by the middle and upper classes. . However, these hopes were soon dashed when the high growth of the neoliberal capitalism ended in 2008 with the bursting of the American housing bubble and a protracted crisis and stagnation in the world economy began. When the old mainstay of the trickle-down economy lost credibility, something new was needed to underpin the neoliberal regime politically. This dynamism has occurred all over the world, from the rise of Narendra Modi in India and Jair Bolsonaro in Brazil in Brazil to Donald Trump in the United States.
(5) Passim: Some observers infer from aspects of the Trump administration — such as its protectionist regimes and its support for Brexit — that neo-fascism is saying goodbye to neoliberalism. But this analysis exaggerates the importance of trump's break with neoliberal orthodoxy and at the same time neglects the key link between neofascism and neoliberalization in developing countries. To demonstrate this connection we need look no further than the fact that no neo-fascist formation has actually suffered from borderline money flows. In the end it is only through the introduction of such controls - after a strong domestic welfare policy - that we can escape from this alliance. In order to view the prospect of such a shift, it is essential to understand the distinguishing features of the new fascism. neo-fascist groups exist in all modern societies, but only as fringe phenomena in times of crisis, they all come to the fore with the support of the entrepreneurial capital, which gave them access to massive financial resources and to control over the media, to another centre of opinion-forming, which of the companies. One characteristic of neo-fascism is, as with its classical predecessors, the demonization of 'the other', whether it be the Muslims in India or racial or sexual minorities in the US or Brazil.
(6) Passim: Exactly how this is done naturally differs from country to country. Such slander can take more forms: it does not take the economic crisis at all, for example. And can focus instead on the need of the largest population group to regain its self-esteem, which, it is claimed, has been damaged by the minority in the past. Or it can keep the minority simply responsible for the economic borrower, without regard for its mixing role in the deterioration of the self-respect of the majority. Neo-fascist governments have been accused of 'accommodating' this minority by pursuing a policy of 'reconciliation'. Apart from these attacks on 'the other', neo-fascism, like classic fascism, also attacks all its critics. It calls them 'antinational' and equates criticism of the government with treason. It blames opposition parties for all kinds of crimes [just think of the charge against Lula in Brazil]. it creates a sphere of fear throughout society - by putting people in prison without trial; by intimidating or literally targeting the judiciary: by revoking the people's constitutional rights: by pressuring opposition politicians to defect to their party in places where neofascists have suppressed elections; by sending thugs to the streets and also attacking opponents on social media: by filing false charges against dissenters; by undermining the independence of state settings: and so on.
(7) Passim: In all this, neo-fascism is aided by docile and docile media. And through it all, it uses its dominance to help the corporate sector attack the rights workers have acquired over decades of struggle. While all these elements bear a resemblance to classic fascism, neo-fascism also differs in important respects from its historical predecessors. Classical fascism arose before the capital had become global and therefore bore the stamp of its national origin more clearly: it was probably involved in a more intense inter-imperialist revolt with the capital from other developed countries, a revolution that enlisted the support of its own country. The goal of Classic fascism was the remodelling of a world already divided into economic areas. The current neo-fascism is, on the contrary, part of a regime of globalized financial capital, in which the inter-imperial revival is muted by the phenomenon of the free flow of capital. Wanting to keep the world open to its free traffic, the centralized capital discourages the inter-imperialist revival and the division of the world into rival economic zones.
(7) Passim: India provides a clear illustration of the relationship between neo-fascism and neoliberalism. For one thing, the neo-fascist fighters for Hindu supremacy, who came to power in 2014, have never had anything to do with India's anti-colonial struggle. On the contrary, one of them even killed Mahatma Gandhi. Instead, they are arch-neoliberals, even more so than previous neoliberal governments; all their policies are – even during the pandemic – aimed at keeping the budget deficit down for fear of irritating globalized financial capital. As a result, India has been one of the countries that has provided the most scant government support to the people affected by the lockdown. The current Indian government is also more eager than ever to privatize public sector companies and support especially a few privileged large corporations. And it is more keen than any previous government to facilitate the takeover of peasant farming and small-scale production by business (agribusiness). // Since the early days of neoliberalism in India, there has been a truly tragic spike in farmer suicides, surpassing 300 thousand in the period 1991-2016. This is the result of the increasing debt burden of farmers. It has exploded due to higher costs of privatized essential services and a sharp decline in farm profits after ceasing government price support for cash crops and reducing it for cereals for consumption..
(8) Passim: Pressure on peasant farming, a sector that employs nearly half of the total workforce, has been so dramatic that the number of farmers with or without land has dwindled by 15 million between the 1991 and 2011 censuses. Some became wage laborers, others moved to the cities in search of nonexistent jobs. This created an army of wholly or partially unemployed workers, which weakened the bargaining power of the relatively small number of organized workers. While GDP growth has increased, at the same time there has been a reduction – in effect halving – in the rate of employment growth, bringing it below the natural growth rate of the labor force. // The massive peasant protest that is currently rocking the country aims to roll back three agricultural laws, passed last year by the Modi government, which should only give this neoliberal regime more room. The United States government and the International Monetary Fund, while critical of the Indian government's handling of the protests, support the intent of these three laws. Modi's neo-fascism is thus very unequivocal in its defense and expansion of the neoliberal agenda. [Under pressure from the fierce farmers' protests, Prime Minister Modi withdrew the three controversial agricultural laws at the end of last year. LW]
(9) Passim: How stable is this global alliance between neoliberalism and neofascism? How long is the pillar of neo-fascist demonization of “the other” expected to sustain a crisis-ridden neoliberalism? On the one hand, one might think that neo-fascism is here to stay, because global financial capital will not tolerate wars between major or even small capitalist powers. On the other hand, however, neo-fascist regimes are themselves subject to the constraints imposed by the hegemony of globalized capital, and in one respect this limitation is fatal: it weakens neo-fascism's ability to revive employment. // Classical fascism did this through military government spending that was largely financed by loans, resulting in a large budget deficit. In this way Japan was the first country to emerge from the Great Depression in 1931 and Germany was the first European country to develop an economic revival in 1933 under the Nazi rule. As a result, there was even a brief period between the end of mass unemployment and the onset of the horrors of war during which the fascist governments enjoyed considerable support from the masses. // Today's fascism, on the other hand, is incapable of ending mass unemployment. Such a goal not only requires increased government spending – an objectionable thing under neoliberals anyway – but this expenditure must also be financed by taxing capitalists or through a budget deficit – both unacceptable under neoliberalism. According to neoliberal doctrine, taxing capitalists through profit or wealth tax would have a detrimental effect on their "animal minds," as Keynes put it — the aggregate of behaviors that promote greater investment by capitalists. On the other hand, a larger budget deficit is frowned upon by financial capital because it undermines the social legitimacy of the capitalists (i.e., their indispensability) — especially that of the financial interest groups, which in Keynes' words are the "functionless investors" (the rentiers).
(10) Passim: This situation poses a problem for the seizure of power by neo-fascism. His inability to mitigate the crisis of neoliberalism could lead to his defeat in elections – as has been shown in the US with Trump's loss of Joe Biden – unless neo-fascism falsifies or completely circumvents the election. But even if neo-fascism loses in the short term, it remains a strong contender for a return to power as long as succeeding governments revert to neoliberal business as usual, as has been the pattern for some time. To break this cycle, it is essential that the next government does not simply pick up the old neoliberal policies that lead to growing inequality, growing poverty and growing unemployment. There must be a decisive shift towards a robust welfare state with restored public social services, public goods and high employment – the very policies that have blocked the hegemony of global financial capital.
(11) Passim: Quantitatively, such a shift is quite possible. In India, it is estimated that the introduction of five universal and enforceable economic rights in the country – the right to food, the right to work (or full wages if there is no work), the right to free health care through a national health service, the right to free, publicly funded education (at least until graduation), and the right to adequate old-age pensions and disability benefits – would require an additional 10 percent of GDP on top of what is already being spent on these headings. In practice, this would mean additional resources amounting to 7 percent of GDP, because the increase in GDP resulting from these expenditures will automatically generate additional revenue anyway. // To collect this 7 percent, only 2 taxes need to be imposed on only the top 1 percent of the Indian population: a wealth tax of 2 percent and an inheritance tax of no more than a third of what is left annually . A wealth tax has also gained ground in US public debates following proposals from Bernie Sanders and Elizabeth Warren during the 2020 election period, when even some US billionaires endorsed Warren's proposal. In short, a general understanding is developing worldwide that escaping the current economic climate requires a move towards measures to strengthen the welfare state, which have been reversed during the rise of neoliberalism.
(12) Passim: Politically, this change will, of course, be a challenge. Attempts to tax the rich will deter investors and fuel fears of capital flight or insufficient financial inflows to cover the resulting larger trade deficit. Sooner or later, the answer must involve control of the financial outflow. However, such measures do not necessarily have to be disastrous for developing countries. Large, diversified economies can cope with the consequences: the short-term difficulties in managing trade deficits – due to the drying up of financial inflows as a result of these controls – can be overcome over time by diversifying production for the benefit of greater self-sufficiency. Small economies can merge into local trading blocs in their approach. The real cause for concern will be whether the developed countries, the "guardians" of globalization, will impose trade sanctions or otherwise act against countries trying to escape neo-fascism by adopting such people-friendly economic policies. // The neo-fascist attack on democracy is a desperate attempt by neoliberal capitalism to rescue itself from the crisis. To escape this situation, global public opinion must be resolutely mobilized against neoliberalism and the support of democratic movements must be gathered worldwide. Only then can this breeding ground for neo-fascism be definitively destroyed.”
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(13) Div., “Manifest – Krant van de nieuwe communistische partij NCPN / 14 april”, Stichting HOC 2022 – Besluit van het Central Comité van de Communistische partij van Griekenland, “Over de imperialistische oorlog in de Oekraïne“ ; “1. From the outset, the KKE has condemned the Russian invasion of Ukraine and expressed its solidarity with the people of Ukraine. // For ten years now, the Ukrainian people have been paying the price of competition and interventions over the division of markets and spheres of influence. On the one side are the US, NATO and the EU, with their strategy of “Euro-Atlantic expansion.” On the other side, the strategy of the capitalist Russian Federation stands for its own exploitative plans at the expense of the peoples, aimed at strengthening its own imperialist coalition in the region of the former Soviet Union (Eurasian Economic Union, Collective Security Treaty Organization). // The Russian military intervention essentially marks the formal start of a war that has been long overdue. The war is about the distribution of mineral resources, energy, land, labor, pipelines, freight transport networks, geopolitical footholds and market shares. //
(13) Passim For years, the US, NATO and the EU have been systematically trying to promote the economic, political and military encirclement of Russia by meddling, relocating powerful forces and establishing military bases. That's how they add fuel to the fire. // After the Warsaw Pact was broken, NATO has not only not been dissolved or curtailed. On the contrary, NATO has expanded to include other Eastern European countries and former Soviet republics in its ranks. NATO places armed forces, bases and modern weapons in different regions around Russia. Military exercises against Russia have been taking place for years in the North Sea, Eastern Europe, the Black Sea and the Baltic region. // The latest developments are thus the latest incident in a protracted clash over Ukraine. It is also related to the fierce contradictions within the Ukrainian bourgeoisie, which was formed after the overthrow of socialism, over whether the country should join one or the other imperialist alliance. In the context of this confrontation, the US, NATO and EU, along with parts of the Ukrainian bourgeoisie, supported and organized the 'Orange Revolution' in 2004 and the bloody coup d'état in 2014. In doing so, they used and supported far-right fascist forces, including aim to set up a friendly regime. On the other hand, Russia occupied parts of Ukrainian territory by annexing Crimea and supporting Russian-speaking separatists in the Donbas region for its own interests. Shortly before the intervention, they were recognized as a state (i.e. the "people's republics" of Donetsk and Lugansk, ed.).
(15) Passim: 2. These events, developing thirty years after the overthrow of socialism and the dissolution of the Soviet Union, are tragic and living proof of the historic decline that took place in the early 1990s. This enormous setback for the peoples of the region, as well as for the working class and peoples worldwide, opened Pandora's box. // The KKE had estimated that the capitalist recovery would lead, among other things, to the division of nations and states. This assessment was tragically confirmed with, for example, Yugoslavia and Czechoslovakia, as a result of competition between the capitalist classes for control of markets, raw materials, geostrategic positions and transport routes. // In the process of the counter-revolution the capitalist classes were formed. These capitalists emerged in the course of the capitalist recovery and took away the hard-won gains of the united Soviet people. The governments of Putin in Russia and Zelensky in Ukraine express the interests of such capitalists. That is why, despite their differences and rivalries, they "meet" in anti-communism, the falsification of history, the defamation of the Soviet Union, the strengthening of nationalism (Russian and Ukrainian, respectively), and the silence of the common interests of the workers. The call for anti-fascism by contemporary capitalist Russia to advance its geopolitical position in the region is a pretext and takes advantage of the strong anti-fascist sentiment among the Russian people and all other peoples who have suffered millions of deaths in the struggle against the fascist- Nazi German occupation and their atrocities. We will not forget that capitalist Russia, today at the forefront of anti-communism, itself maintains friendly relations with far-right groups in many countries and that the Russian leadership publicly praises the ideologues of Russian fascism. At the same time, we must not forget that in 2014, fascist far-right forces unleashed a pogrom of violence and intimidation, killings and massacres in Ukraine, with the support of NATO and the EU.
(16) Passim: 3. For example, in Odessa, where the union building was attacked and more than a hundred union members were killed. Today, those forces are part of the Ukrainian state apparatus and are involved in war crimes committed in Russian-speaking areas and against Greek expatriates (there is a large Greek minority, mainly in the Donetsk region, ed.). //The peoples of Ukraine and Russia lived and struggled together for seventy years, just like the other peoples of the region. They conquered (capitalism, ed.) and established their own power. They fought against imperialist interventions. They competed to exploit the land, factories, and resources of their lands and waters under social ownership relationships. They fought against the hatred and war of their old exploiters, who sabotaged the progress of the Soviet power. They moved forward together in the framework of socialism. They fought together against Nazism-Fascism and German Imperialism. The nationalistic hysteria and the cries of war must not obscure these collective memories of the two peoples, who lived in brotherhood for decades. // Thirty years after the overthrow of socialism and the dissolution of the Soviet Union, all those who promised a world of peace, security, freedom and justice have completely failed. Their world, the infamous “world of Western values,” is a world of barbarism, exploitation, war, refugees, economic crises, with hundreds of thousands of victims due to the pandemic or from military interventions. It is a world of monsters, that is, the world of capitalism. People like Biden, Scholz, Putin, Zelensky, etc. are part of this world, along with all the other leaders, both 'authoritarian' and 'democratic', all of whom defend the freedom of a small group to control the fate of the vast majority. to decide. They are all but different expressions of the dictatorship of capital.
(17) Passim: The imperialist war waged in Ukraine today is nothing more than a new link in this bloody chain of wars and conflicts that escalated especially after 1991. The wars and interventions lost their former ideological cloak of supposedly defending the “Western free world” against “Communist totalitarianism.” The new element here is that they are now once again expanding to European soil as the socialist shield no longer exists. //We do not forget the wars in Yugoslavia in the early 1990s, which started with the approval of the European Union and led to the intervention of NATO in 1999. It eventually resulted in the final dissolution and fragmentation of the country. The pretexts then used by NATO and the EU are the same as those used by Russia for its own military intervention, such as 'protection against ethnic cleansing' and 'the right to self-determination'. The wounds in the Balkans are still open and there are great risks of new flare-ups and clashes. // We do not forget the imperialist interventions and wars in our neighborhoods, in the Middle East and North Africa, in Iraq, Syria, Libya and Afghanistan, as well as the ongoing Israeli occupation of Palestine. The US, NATO and their allies have dragged peoples into civil wars, provoked ethnic and religious conflicts, intervened militarily, set up occupying armies in the name of "democracy" and "freedom", led entire countries into chaos, and supported reactionary forces such as jihadists and others. //
(18) Passim: Nor do we forget the Turkish invasion and occupation of Cyprus since 1974, which was supported by the US and NATO. This ongoing crime against the Cypriot people, and the various NATO-inspired plans, have driven the division of the country all these years. / Revisionism, which refers to the dispute over sovereign rights, the redrawing of borders and the division of states, are not a privilege of one imperialist center. All of them revise international treaties, challenge borders and intervene militarily under various pretexts when necessary to safeguard their interests. The basis of this "revisionism" is the competition between imperialist centers. They even break formal provisions of international law, which resulted from the influence of the socialist states after the Second World War. It has been clearly shown that international law is in reality 'the law of the fittest', i.e. the right of those who have the economic, political and military power to impose their interests. Even their representatives (the representatives of the capitalist class) recognize this fact, forced to support one side or the other, emphasizing ambiguities and ambiguities. Some argue that within the framework of the modern capitalist world, there can be a peaceful world if the "international architecture" is adapted. They claim it is possible to have a “NATO without offensive equipment”, a “peace-loving EU” or a “creative multi-polar world” within the framework of capitalism. Such views are unrealistic and fool people.
(19) Passsim: 4. The EU is not silent and uninvolved in developments. On the contrary, the EU has been actively involved in imperialist interventions for years. Also in the plan to surround Russia. She is complicit in the current drama of the peoples of Ukraine. // In recent years there have been contradictions within the EU regarding attitudes towards Russia. These contradictions reflected the different aims and priorities of the bourgeoisie of each country. The contradictions also have to do with the strong economic ties with Russia, for example in the energy sector. The formation of a united attitude towards Russia after the start of the war is celebrated in our country by the New Democracy, Syriza, Kinal and other bourgeois parties. But this united attitude does not mean that these contradictions have been resolved. Moreover, it is a "unit" directed against the peoples, because it is a unit for war preparation, which drags the peoples of the EU into great adventures. // No one can sleep peacefully after the declarations of war launched daily by EU member states leaders and EU officials. Thirty years after the Maastricht Treaty, the masks are falling off even more clearly, the pretexts are erased and "taboos are overcome," as they cynically admit. It clearly proves what the EU really is: a reactionary imperialist alliance between 'wolves', who fight among themselves and together against the peoples.
(20) Passim: In this process, once again in history, the Social Democratic governments have been at the forefront. Thus they destroy the "myth" of "progressive governments", which could supposedly be an alternative to the peoples. // The German Social Democrats, who announced a massive armaments program for the first time since World War II, the Socialists of Spain and Portugal, the center-left government of Italy, the Social Democrats of Denmark and Finland; all are taking the lead in the military confrontation with Russia. In all EU and NATO member states, they decide to increase military spending. Even the strict financial requirements of European budgets are being relaxed for this purpose. All this is, of course, not only the result of developments in Ukraine. They reveal a more general preparation, indicating that we are entering a period of more violent confrontations and contradictions. // The military conflict in Ukraine after the Russian invasion is leading to dangerous developments for the peoples of Europe and for the whole world. Imperialist competition is now entering a new phase. The danger of a more general military confrontation is more visible today than in comparable situations (in recent decades, ed.). The declarations of war by the political leaders of the EU and NATO countries and of Russia, and the threats of nuclear attacks, should not be seen as mere rhetorical exaggerations. // For the first time, NATO deploys a rapid reaction force in Eastern Europe. NATO is gathering further forces, and plans to attract countries such as Moldova, Georgia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Finland and Sweden. In Moldova and Georgia there are areas that have seceded with Russian support and where strong Russian forces are present. Finland and Sweden are "red lines" to Russia regarding steps to further expand NATO. In Russia, the country's "nuclear deterrence forces" have been placed on special alert. Belarus has approved by referendum the possibility of installing nuclear weapons on its territory, in the event that NATO installs similar weapons in Poland or Lithuania.
(22) Passim: 5. Under the responsibility of the Government of New Democracy, and with the substantial consent of SYRIZA, KINAL and other bourgeois parties, Greece is increasing its involvement in these dangerous imperialist contradictions. (…) // 6. True solidarity with the peoples of Ukraine and Russia, and with other neighboring peoples, is the struggle in every country against the imperialist war. The fight against the involvement of every country in the war. The condemnation of Russia's military intervention, but also the condemnation of the US - NATO - EU for fueling the war. The struggle against the imperialist alliances in which the bourgeoisie of our country and its governments are involved. That is true human popular solidarity, which can be expressed in every possible way. This solidarity also includes resisting and isolating the actions of nationalist-fascist groups that sow hatred. // True solidarity is the effort to coordinate the struggle of the peoples so that they can give way out of the war by confronting their real enemy. That is, organizing the struggle against the imperialist war and the causes that produce the war, against the capitalist classes who direct the war and the governments at the service of the capitalist classes, against the imperialist alliances that either draw us into a war or a to impose so-called 'peace' with a 'gun to the head of the peoples'. // True solidarity, that is solidarity with and support for the thousands of refugees who are currently fleeing Ukraine as victims of war. They travel to other EU countries and our country, where, despite all kinds of declarations about 'humanitarian aid', they are confronted with terrible situations, just like other peoples who have been victims of imperialist wars.
(23) Passim: The peoples will have a better life not by choosing a national exploiter or any other kind of exploiter, but by winning, by abolishing the regime of exploitation. This is the way for the nations to emerge victorious. // The KKE today addresses the workers, the young, the self-employed, the peasants, the women; the whole Greek nation. It calls on them to be vigilant and alert against the imperialist war and the Greek involvement in the war. The answer in favor of the interests of our people does not lie in choosing, as a people and as a country, one or the other imperialist pole. We will not choose a robber camp! // The real dilemma today is not US or Russia, EU or Russia, NATO or Russia. The real dilemma is the side of the people or the side of the imperialists. The struggle of the workers and peoples can and must draw an independent line, apart from all bourgeois and imperialist plans. // This struggle has nothing to do with the eulogies and mobilizations of other parties, who talk about a "peaceful solution" and "diplomacy" etc., which are not aimed at the causes of the war. // Today the people must not accept to pay for the war! It's not our duty! The people should not be satisfied with the new measures prepared under the pretext of this emergency. The only solution is to organize the workers and the people for the counterattack. The popular struggle must immediately force any government to take measures to defend the incomes of the workers and the people against price increases and energy poverty. //
(25): In every region and in every workplace, the struggle must be organized to free us here and now from this imperialist war. Greece's participation and involvement in the imperialist war in Ukraine or elsewhere, in whatever way and under any pretext, must come to an immediate end. All NATO and US military bases in our country that are used as war bases must be closed. No Greek military unit may be sent to Ukraine, neighboring countries or other imperialist missions. No conscript, officer or non-commissioned officer outside the borders. Sending war material and war resources from Greece must stop. // It is our patriotic and internationalist duty not to allow Greek territories, infrastructure and resources to be used as outposts for military warfare by anyone. The country's armed forces have no business outside its borders in the name of alleged "obligations to our allies." The armed forces have only the duty to defend the borders, the territorial integrity of the homeland and our sovereign rights. // This is a political issue, which requires a change in the consciousness of the working people, in order to strengthen the struggle for the decoupling of the various imperialist unions, such as NATO and EU, with the people actually at the helm of power. // The war waged by imperialism, provoked by the competition between imperialist powers and alliances for the distribution of markets, territories, sources of wealth, and for primacy in the imperialist system, is an unjust, barbaric war. The peoples are the victims, both in the "winning" and in the "losing" countries.
(26) Passim: Just is the struggle of the peoples against imperialist encirclement and invasion; against the participation of the children of the people in the imperialist war. The struggle of the peoples in defense of territorial integrity and against foreign occupation is just. Just is the multifaceted struggle for the needs and rights of the peoples, towards the overthrow of bourgeois power, towards a new, socialist society. This is the way to end imperialist wars, capitalist exploitation and barbarism for the brotherhood of peoples. // This is the way that highlights the real perspective so that the peoples can live in peace, security, brotherhood and mutually beneficial relations. Just as the peoples of Russia and Ukraine have lived for decades, when they themselves were at the helm of power, owned the wealth they produced and were building a new socialist society. (…) In this struggle, the KKE puts all its forces at the disposal so that the Greek people and other peoples can fight against the nationalism and imperialist alliances of the bourgeoisie, so that the common struggle of the working people can be strengthened, so that they finally get rid of the system that only breeds poverty, exploitation and wars."
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(27) Div., “Manifest – Krant van de nieuwe communistische partij NCPN / 14 april”, Stichting HOC 2022 – Jaap (Internationaal Bureau), “Imperialism continues to produce wars and fascism”; “Fascism, as well as war and occupation, are not things that just fell out of the sky, but things that result from imperialism. // But what is imperialism then? - Many associate imperialism with colonialism, with war and oppression of one country by another. Although this is unfortunately often a part of it, the colonial system with its well-defined spheres of influence has disappeared without the disappearance of imperialism and there are countries that are imperialistic without ever having colonies. // To understand what imperialism is, and why it is accompanied by war and oppression, we must first look at the economy.// The development of capitalism is accompanied by the concentration of the means of production and capital in fewer and fewer hands; in the hands of huge monopolies. Imperialism is thus a stage in the development of capitalism in which monopolies play a decisive role in the economy. The monopolies determine economic development on the basis of the interests of big business.
(28) Passim: Lenin, in his classic Imperialism as the Highest Stage of Capitalism, identifies five features: 1. Production and capital are so concentrated in fewer and fewer hands that monopolies are created which play a decisive role in economic life. / 2. A fusion of banking and industrial capital into “finance capital” takes place, on the basis of which a finance oligarchy arises. / 3. The export of capital, in contrast to the export of commodities, acquires a particularly great importance. / 4. International monopolistic alliances of capitalists are formed, dividing the world among themselves. / 5. The territorial division of the world between the great capitalist powers is complete. // Especially that fifth characteristic, that the world is divided into spheres of influence, ensured that one could look no other way than inwards and into the lands of other great powers. And for that, capital used fascism. Fascism had to break the workers' movement and increase the rate of domestic exploitation, so that the imperialist lords could put their weight behind this huge conquest operation. // World War II was, on the one hand, a massive imperialist invasion of the socialist Soviet Union. On the other hand, it was also a war between imperialist powers over the redistribution of colonies, raw materials, markets and transport routes – with Germany, Italy and Japan on the one hand, and countries like the United Kingdom, France and the United States on the other.
(29) Passim: In their struggle to control raw materials and markets and to secure the highest profits, the capitalists pit the peoples of different countries against each other and unleash bloody wars to redistribute their spheres of influence. Fascism is thereby a means for capital: with demagoguery, lies and terror, both the organizations and the ideology defending the class interests of the workers are suppressed. During that time, hatred is also created between peoples with false contradictions and lies and wars of conquest are prepared. Fascism and war therefore go hand in hand with imperialism and the danger of fascism and war is even greater in times of economic capitalist crisis. Then the capitalists look even more desperately for new markets and a higher degree of exploitation. And a cornered cat makes strange jumps.3 // That imperialism, which then produced fascism and the Second World War with all its misery, still exists. Imperialist alliances are still playing the world off against each other and new ways of making a profit are being sought. // An example of this is NATO.4 An anti-communist and imperialist alliance of which our government is also a part, to which Dutch soldiers fight and are bound by contracts. NATO is pursuing an increasingly aggressive policy against China and Russia. These countries are the main competitors for the American and European monopolies.
(30) Passim: Recent times have seen tensions build up to take or neutralize Russia's spheres of influence one by one. Russia, today a capitalist country ruled by monopolies, is trying to expand its influence. The US has torn up international arms control treaties and is starting a new arms race of ballistic missiles and nuclear encirclement. The European NATO allies are working passionately on this, for example with the installation of the missile defense shield in Eastern Europe. NATO also conducts large-scale military exercises in Eastern Europe and the Caucasus. In turn, Russia is also conducting large-scale military exercises with allies in Eastern Europe, the Black Sea, the Mediterranean and the Middle East. This sets in motion an enormously dangerous spiral of arms development, military exercises and confrontations in border areas. // In countries like Ukraine, fascist organizations are deployed such as the Azov battalion, which has the wolfs angel in its weapon, and the political party Svoboda, which allegedly fight for the freedom of the Ukrainian people and want to destroy Russian oppression. Groups like these are thus used to seek confrontations between the imperialist powers. A reason is found and used to rearrange the distributions. // The population is always the victim in these situations. They are abused by the capitalists for their own greed and end up in the most horrible situations.”
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(31) Div., “Marxistische Blätter 2 – Impfstoff-Imperialismus”, Neue Impulse Verlag 2022 – Reiner Braun, “Die strategische bedeutung von Militärbasen in Zeiten der Konfrontation“; “Military bases in times of confrontation - The development and the expansion of the military bases serve to secure, strengthen and underpin the current policy: - The NATO-USA to encircle SG Russia. / This goal is served by the military bases of the USA, but currently also against Great Britain. In Germany, this includes the US base in Ramstein and the EUCOM in Stuttgart. In addition, there are the new military hotspots in the countries of Eastern Europe: Germany in Lithuania, the USA in Poland and Romania, Great Britain and Canada in Estonia and Latvia - permanent, albeit with changing crews - a non-violation of NATO that is only visible from my point of view -Russia agreement] as well as the strengthened military cooperation with countries like Ukraine or Georgia. The black sea is also being intensively militarized, including with US and NATIO military bases in Turkey. / - For the encirclement of China. / Here are the military bases of the USA in central South Korea, in Japan [Okinawa], in the Philippines and in the pacific [GUAM], but also the new military cooperation, e.g. with Vietnam, Cambodia, Malaysia and Singapore, and practically also with India. Military cooperation with other Asian countries was also intensified. Indispensable for this encirclement policy of the USA especially against China are the aircraft carriers, hardly sinkable and often armed with nuclear weapons, which complete the encirclement. The USA have 19 aircraft carriers, another 15 are under construction or in planning deployed or under construction, Russia one.] With 65-70 fighter jets and up to 7,500 sailors, the aircraft carriers can be regarded as a military base. / - As in Europe [NATO], military bases and military pacts also complement each other in Asia - QUAD [quadrilateral Security Dialogue] between Australia, USA, India and Japan as well as AUKUS, the military cooperation between Australia, USA and Great Britain. //
(32) Passim: Securing regional hegemony and political good behavior – The military bases in Latin America, especially in Colombia, Peru, Paraguay and Ecuador, but also on the ABC islands, serve to secure Latin America as a backyard for the USA, to organize regime change and coup activities against the progressive forces of Latin America [e.g. Venezuela, Bolivia] and the securing of resources, especially of lithium and copper. The military step Guantanamo Bay as a torture prison by the USA and to combat an independent socialist development in Cuba should be emphasized - the strategic importance is obvious. / It is known that the states of Africa, which have just become politically independent, on the bases of the colonial powers do not want US military bases on their land. That is why the USA's task force Africa is still based in Stuttgart with its combat animal. French military bases should be emphasized in the whole Sahel zone [e.g. Niger, Mali, and Burkina Faso] as well as Great Britain in its former colonies. The USA are raising two drone military bases in Africa or are building on them, both in Niger [in Nyamai and under construction - Agadez]. Allegedly to ward off terrorism, the bases primarily serve to stabilize the plundering of the population. Elements of progressive development are to be curbed. France, for example, played a role in various coups in Central Africa
(33) Passim: Military bases secure resource routes - The shipping routes from China to Europe are particularly at the strategically and politically 'critical' geographical locations, e.g. around Iran and the near and middle east [Qatar, Bahrain, Saudi Arabia, Oman etc...], 'secured' by US military bases. It is not just about ÖPL, but about securing the imperial trade lanes and chains, obstructing the transport routes of political 'competitors' such as China and Iran, but also Russia’s spying on the southern flank. It's about the crumbling political and economic dominance in Eurasia. In addition, there is a separate US commander CENTCOM with headquarters in Tampa/Florida and Qatar. At least 50,000 soldiers are under this command. The bases in Afghanistan collapsed in the summer of 2021. / Despite satellites and worldwide air surveillance, despite threats and space armament, military bases are still a core element of military dominance politics, which fundamentally includes wars of intervention for political and geostrategic reasons. Military checkpoints from Guam via Okinawa to Ramstein were and were indispensable for these interventionist wars and Ramstein as a supplement for threats against international law. / That is why the struggle for the closure of all military bases remains a task for the peace movement. There will be no global justice with military bases. / For the German peace movement, this means first and foremost: Ramstein must be closed termination of the stationing agreement."
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(34) Peter Wahl, “Beilage Marxistische Blätter nr. 1 / Der Ukraine-Krieg und seine geopolitischen Hintergründe“, Neue Impulse Verlag 2022; ”Here now - in telegram silence - the essential cornerstone of the systemic view of the world order: Firstly: the starting point is the fact that no state exists for all of itself, but only in interrelationship with others, with neighbors, rivals, like-minded people, etc. Accordingly, their foreign policy behavior arises not only because of the circumstances in one, but also because of the dynamics of the system in which something is an element. There is a systemic logic that constructs path dependencies. That does not mean that this system would be mechanical clockwork. As made by humans, it always creates different possibilities for action. / For example by replacing power-political confrontation with peace-oriented cooperation. / Second: There are no world stats. This is what distinguishes the international system fundamentally from the internal system of states. Due to constitutions, the legal system, the political system, etc., modern statehood has a high density of regulations that are supposed to keep the power relations and conflicts of society on the right track and to moderate them. On the other hand, interstate relations are more like what political theory describes as a 'social state of nature', which is far less ordered than tends to show anarchistic traits. Regulating forms of instruments of state exists here only in rudimentary form as international law, interstate treaties and international institutions. Above all, there is no legitimate supreme instance, such as a constitutional court and an executive body that implements its decisions. The UN Security Council, which should tend to be able to do this, is blocked by the concrete system when veto powers are involved in conflicts."
(35) Passim: Third: Even if under international law all have the same status, and normally the elements of the systems are not equal. The system is hierarchical. Whoever is at the top has formative influence on the flow. The more it goes down, the less room for maneuver and influence. Fourth: the position in the hierarchy depends on the power resources that a country has at its disposal: military, economic, technological, political networks and soft power. The assertiveness and options for action for one's own national interests result from this. / Fifth: Because of all these factors, the central regulatory principle in the international system is the power-political balance of power. Norms, international law and institutional arrangements are only accepted by the big players as long as they do not call their vital interests into question. If possible, a great power does not want any normative commitments that could restrict power-political room for maneuvers. Here, too, the USA is the leading global power. // 3. In the epicenter: unipolar versus multipolar world order - from the power-political power relations there are systemic dynamics. For about a decade and a half after the end of the USSR, the system was unipolar, i.e. the United States was the undisputed sole superpower. It was the era of the American empire. Meanwhile the unipolar world order is coming to an end. In its place is a multipolar system. At its heart is the rivalry between the USA and China. At the same time, Russia is making a comeback as a great power. India is also striving to become a superpower. /
(36) Passim: The conflict between a unipolar and a multipolar world order has been at the center of the international system with increasing importance for about a decade. It forms its operating system, which not only shapes the behavior of the major powers, but also influences all important regional problems. The upheaval means a de-Westernization of the world and the end of 500 years of Euro-Atlantic supremacy. Barack Obama put it succinctly: 'Those who think that America is in the doldrums or that it would lose its global leadership role are wrong. ... America must always lead on the world stage. ... I believe in American exceptionalism with every fiber of my being.' Joe Biden is unbroken in the same tradition: 'I want to ensure that America continues to rule the world' because 'no other nation has the ability to do so.' Although barely acknowledged by the social left in Western Europe, for the USS power elites it is by far the top of their agenda. / In addition, the strategic goal of Chinese and Russian foreign policy is a multipolar world order, as already formulated in 2009 at the BRICS summit in Yekaterinburg: 'We want a democratic and just multipolar world based on international law, equality, mutual respect, the cooperation, the common trade ns and collective decisions of all states.' Or in the words of the Chinese stats and party leader: 'We must not let the rains be determined by one or a few countries, which they impose on others or allow unilateralism in certain countries that want to set the direction for the whole world.”
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(37) Div., “Manifest 1 19 Januari – Krant van de Nieuwe Communistische Partij”, Stichting HOC 2023 – Algerijnse partij voor Democratie en Socialisme, “De ‘Multipolaire wereld is een dodelijke illusie”; “De ‘multipolaire orde’ waarnaar het imperialistische Rusland streeft, zal slechts een tijdelijke orde zijn tussen twee of meer andere rovers die het eens zullen worden over hun respectieve aandeel in de plundering van de rijkdommen van de wereld en de uitbuiting van de arbeidersklasse in de wereld. De economische wetten van het imperialisme zullen opnieuw aandringen op een nog grotere en destructievere oorlog. // De crisis van het kapitalistische systeem roept ons op om, elk in ons eigen land, en in de nauwste coördinatie tussen communistische en arbeiderspartijen, het werk van organisatie, mobilisatie en verhoging van het bewustzijnsniveau van de arbeidersklasse en de volksmassa's te intensiveren in de geest van de noodzaak van socialistische revolutie en proletarisch internationalisme. De materiële voorwaarden voor een socialistische revolutie zijn nog nooit zo gunstig geweest als nu in de meeste landen. // De strijd voor de koopkracht van de arbeiders, voor democratische vrijheden, voor solidariteit tegen imperialistische agressie en inmenging, voor het recht op zelfbeschikking van de nog gekoloniseerde volkeren, de anti-oorlogsbeweging, al deze strijd maakt deel uit van een wereldwijde strategische lijn. Het is de dagelijkse strijd om de subjectieve voorwaarden bijeen te brengen voor de machtsovername door de arbeidersklasse en haar bondgenoten, voor de socialistische revolutie, voor de vernietiging van de contrarevolutionaire capaciteiten van de bourgeoisie en van de reactie.”